如何提供 [Word 文件,Excel 等等] 文件服務?

為了要讓伺服器處理這些新而且不同格式的文件,您必需組態正確的“content type“ 來給每一種形態的文件使用,同時在您為伺服器上的檔案命名時,您也必需選用適當的 附屬檔名。如果文件的格式並不是常常被使用到,您也必需要了解使用者如何針對這個 檔案來組態他們的瀏覽器,也必需要知道您所組態的內容格式可以由哪一種程式讀取。

底下所展示的是一個大家都曉得的內容格式(content type),並且對於作者所熟悉的 格式有一些評論。這份資訊由 WWW FAQ 的原作者書中的 appendix 2 中所找出來的, 這本書為 CGI Programming in C and Perl <URL:http://www.boutell.com/cgibook/> 。 原來的內容格式可以免費在 NCSA Web 伺服器 中取得。 <URL:http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/>

請注意︰新的媒體格式正有規則的加入已經存在的格式之中。官方登記的總是在 實際運用之後。這一份列表是以 1995 年九月, NCSA 所公佈的 Web 伺服器上 的資料為主。

這份文件對於資料的格式與 mime 格式的關聯來說並沒有什麼企圖,它只想要讓 決定哪一種內容格式應該被指定到哪一種應用程式的動作變得簡單。

Media Content Type			Comments		

application/activemessage
application/andrew-inset                       
application/applefile
application/atomicmail                         
application/dca-rft                            
application/dec-dx                             
application/mac-binhex40
application/macwriteii			MacWrite Document
application/msword			Microsoft Word Document
application/news-message-id                    
application/news-transmission                  
application/octet-stream       		Use for binary file downloads
application/oda                
application/pdf              		Adobe Acrobat Documents
application/postscript			Postscript 
application/remote-printing                    
application/rtf				Rich Text Format
application/slate                              
application/x-mif   
application/wita                               
application/wordperfect5.1		WordPerfect 5.1 Documents
application/wordperfect6.0		WordPerfect 6.0 Documents
application/x-csh			Potentially dangerous [1]
application/x-dvi			TeX/LaTeX Output (not TeX source)
application/x-hdf
application/x-latex			LaTeX Source
application/x-netcdf
application/x-sh			Potentially dangerous [1]
application/x-tcl			Potentially dangerous [1]
application/x-tex			TeX Source
application/x-texinfo
application/x-troff			Troff Formatter Source
application/x-troff-man			Troff Source, -man argument assumed
application/x-troff-me			Troff Source, -me argument assumed	
application/x-troff-ms			Troff Source, -ms argument assumed 
application/x-wais-source
application/zip				Many users have ZIP helper apps
application/x-bcpio
application/x-cpio			cpio tape format (Unix)
application/x-gtar			gnu tar tape format (Unix)
application/x-shar			Potentially dangerous [1]
application/x-sv4cpio
application/x-sv4crc
application/x-ustar
audio/basic				Sun-style .au format audio
audio/x-aiff				Amiga-format .aiff audio
audio/x-wav				Microsoft Windows-format .wav audio
image/gif				Compuserve GIF 8-bit lossless images
image/ief
image/jpeg				JPEG lossy photographic images
image/png				w3 consortium PNG lossless images
image/tiff				TIFF format images
image/x-cmu-raster
image/x-portable-anymap			netpbm/pbmplus images (any subtype)
image/x-portable-bitmap			netpbm/pbmplus black and white images
image/x-portable-graymap		netpbm/pbmplus grayscale images
image/x-portable-pixmap			netpbm/pbmplus truecolor images
image/x-rgb
image/x-xbitmap				X Window System black and white images
image/x-xpixmap				X Window System color images
image/x-xwindowdump			X Window System screen dump format
message/external-body
message/news
message/partial
message/rfc822
multipart/alternative
multipart/appledouble
multipart/digest
multipart/mixed				Server push
multipart/parallel
text/html				HTML documents
text/x-sgml				SGML documents, not limited to HTML
text/plain				Plain ASCII text
text/richtext				This is not RTF (see above)
text/tab-separated-values		Useful for spreadsheet interchange
text/x-setext
video/mpeg				MPEG video format; common on PCs, Unix
video/quicktime				Apple video format
video/x-msvideo				Microsoft/Intel AVI video format
video/x-sgi-movie
[1]: 大部分的瀏覽器不應該被組態為可執行 shell script 程式。因為程式可以很 簡單的透過 rm * 或是其他有傷害的命令而使得您的機器或是帳號受到威脅。這些被 送到瀏覽器端的東西,應該考慮使用安全的程式語言,就像是 Java, Safe-TCL 以及 PGP-SafePerl.
World Wide Web FAQ